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Qwen2 72B Instruct

Alibaba · 72B

Strongest in Toxicity avoidance (#28 of 272), weakest in Human preference (#249 of 342). Above par in 7 of 9 scopes. Among the models it meets almost everywhere, it finishes behind Claude Sonnet 5 and GPT-5 and ahead of Gemini 2.5 Pro and DeepSeek R1.

§ 1 · Profile

What it is good at

Bars run from 50 — the average of the models each source lists — so right of the line is above par. The middle column is the gap to whoever leads that scope.

Safety55.3#46/337
Toxicity avoidance58.1#28/272
Safe-prompt compliance56.2#28/82
Jailbreak resistance61.3#30/272
Harm refusal55.2#72/300
Secure code56.7#102/274
Fairness50.8#103/300
Human preference43.7#249/342
Human preference43.7#249/342

§ 2 · Head to head

What it beats, and what beats it

The same models turn up scope after scope. Counted once: where both were placed, who finished higher. Bars run right for Qwen2 72B Instruct, left for the other.

OLMo 7B Instruct Hfwon 6 · lost 0
SmolLM 1.7B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen2.5 7B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
H2o Danube3 500M Chatwon 6 · lost 0
LFM2 350Mwon 6 · lost 0
Laguna Xs 2.1won 6 · lost 0
RakutenAI 7B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Falcon Mamba 7B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
GLM-4 9B Chatwon 6 · lost 0
CodeLlama 7B Instruct Hfwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen2.5 0.5B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen2 7B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Jamba Mini 1.7won 6 · lost 0
Magistral Smallwon 6 · lost 0
Aya 23 8Bwon 6 · lost 0
Laguna S 2.1won 6 · lost 0
Falcon H1 0.5B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
DeepSeek R1 Distill Qwen 7Bwon 6 · lost 0
DeepSeek R1 Distill Llama 8Bwon 6 · lost 0
H2o Danube3 4B Chatwon 6 · lost 0
Ling 3.0 Flash VLwon 6 · lost 0
Jamba 1.6 Miniwon 6 · lost 0
Jamba Large 1.7won 6 · lost 0
NexusRaven V2 13Bwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen3 8Bwon 6 · lost 0
Open Mixtral 8x7bwon 6 · lost 0
Granite 3.2 8B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Phi-4 Mini Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Mimo V2.6 Pro Ultraspeedwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen2.5 3B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Aya 23 35Bwon 6 · lost 0
Granite 3.0 1B A400M Instructwon 6 · lost 0
DeepSeek V3p1won 6 · lost 0
Jamba 1.6 Largewon 6 · lost 0
Yi 1.5 9B Chatwon 6 · lost 0
Jamba Instructwon 6 · lost 0
SeaLLMs V3 7B Chatwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen2.5 7B Instruct 1Mwon 6 · lost 0
DeepSeek Reasonerwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen2.5 1.5B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
WizardLM 2.8x22Bwon 6 · lost 0
Hunyuan A13B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Llama 3.3 Instruct Turbo (70B)won 6 · lost 0
Open Mixtral 8x22bwon 6 · lost 0
Gemma2 9B Cpt Sea Lionv3 Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Reflection Llama 3.1 70Bwon 6 · lost 0
Apertus 8B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
DeepSeek Chatwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen2.5 32B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
LongWriter Glm4 9Bwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen2.5 14B Instruct 1Mwon 6 · lost 0
Sarvam 30Bwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen2.5 14B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Phi 3 Medium 128k Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen2 57B A14B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Apertus 70B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
Granite 4.0 H Microwon 6 · lost 0
Qwen1.5 72B Chatwon 6 · lost 0
Command Rwon 6 · lost 0
Olmo 2 32B Instructwon 6 · lost 0
OLMoE 1B-7B Instructwon 7 · lost 0
Mistral Instruct v0.1 (7B)won 7 · lost 0
Mistral Instruct v0.3 (7B)won 7 · lost 0
OLMo 2 7B Instructwon 7 · lost 0
Llama 3.1 Instruct Turbo (70B)won 7 · lost 0
IBM Granite 4.0 Microwon 7 · lost 0
Llama 3.1 Instruct Turbo (405B)won 7 · lost 0
Smollm2 1.7B Instructwon 8 · lost 0
Phi 3 Mini 128k Instructwon 8 · lost 0
Zephyr 7B Betawon 8 · lost 0
Gemma 7B Itwon 8 · lost 0
Mistral 7B Instruct V0.2won 8 · lost 0
Nous Hermes 2 Mixtral 8x7b Dpowon 8 · lost 0
Llama 3.2 3B Instructwon 8 · lost 0
Starling Lm 7B Betawon 8 · lost 0
Granite 3.0 8B Instructwon 8 · lost 0
Qwen1.5 14B Chatwon 8 · lost 0
Phi 3 Medium 4k Instructwon 8 · lost 0
Llama 3.1 8B Instructwon 8 · lost 0
Nova Microwon 8 · lost 0
DeepSeek LLM 67B Chatwon 9 · lost 0
DBRX Instructwon 9 · lost 0
GPT-3.5 Turbowon 9 · lost 0
Llama 3 8B Instructwon 9 · lost 0
Gemma 2B Itwon 7 · lost 1
Phi 3 Mini 4k Instructwon 7 · lost 1
Granite 3.0 2B Instructwon 7 · lost 1
Phi 3 Small 8k Instructwon 7 · lost 1
Granite 3.1 2B Instructwon 7 · lost 1
Granite 3.1 8B Instructwon 7 · lost 1
Llama 3.1 Tulu 3 8Bwon 7 · lost 1
C4ai Aya Expanse 8Bwon 7 · lost 1
Jamba 1.5 Miniwon 7 · lost 1
Nova Litewon 7 · lost 1
Llama 3.1 Instruct Turbo (8B)won 6 · lost 1
Qwen 2.5 Instruct Turbo (7B)won 6 · lost 1
RakutenAI 7B Chatwon 5 · lost 1
PowerMoE 3Bwon 5 · lost 1
Phi 2won 5 · lost 1
PowerLM 3Bwon 5 · lost 1
SmolLM2 360M Instructwon 5 · lost 1
SEA LION V1 7B ITwon 5 · lost 1
Grok Build 0.1won 5 · lost 1
Command R7Bwon 5 · lost 1
LFM2 700Mwon 5 · lost 1
SmolLM 360M Instructwon 5 · lost 1
Ling 3.0 Flashwon 5 · lost 1
Nemotron 3 Ultra 550B A55Bwon 5 · lost 1
Open Codestral Mambawon 5 · lost 1
LFM2 1.2Bwon 5 · lost 1
Gemma 4 E2Bwon 5 · lost 1
Gemma 4 E4Bwon 5 · lost 1
Sarvam 1won 5 · lost 1
Komodo 7B Basewon 5 · lost 1
Kimi K2.7 Codewon 5 · lost 1
Gemma 4 12Bwon 5 · lost 1
Granite 3.2 2B Instructwon 5 · lost 1
Fuguwon 5 · lost 1
Granite 3.0 3B A800M Instructwon 5 · lost 1
Qwen2 VL 72Bwon 5 · lost 1
GLM-5 Turbowon 5 · lost 1
Granite 3.1 3B A800M Instructwon 5 · lost 1
Smaug Llama 3 70B Instructwon 5 · lost 1
Llama 3 70B Chat HFwon 5 · lost 1
Phi 3 Small 128k Instructwon 5 · lost 1
SeaLLM 7B V2won 5 · lost 1
Phi 3.5 Mini Instructwon 5 · lost 1
K2 Chatwon 5 · lost 1
Llama 3.1 Tulu 3 8B SFTwon 5 · lost 1
Llama 3.1 Tulu 3 8B DPOwon 5 · lost 1
EAI SageAlign 8B LoRAwon 5 · lost 1
Phi 3.5 MoE Instructwon 5 · lost 1
Llama 3 8B Chat Hfwon 5 · lost 1
Llama 3.1 Nemotron 70B Instruct HFwon 5 · lost 1
Internlm2 Chat 20Bwon 5 · lost 1
Claude 3 Haikuwon 7 · lost 2
Command R Pluswon 7 · lost 2
Llama 4 Scout Instructwon 7 · lost 2
Llama 4 Maverick Instructwon 7 · lost 2
Gemini 1.5 Prowon 7 · lost 2
Gemini 2.0 Flash Litewon 7 · lost 2
Gemini 2.0 Flashwon 7 · lost 2
Grok 4won 7 · lost 2
Llama 3.2 1B Instructwon 6 · lost 2
Gemma 2 2B Itwon 6 · lost 2
Mistral Small 24B Instructwon 6 · lost 2
Jamba 1.5 Largewon 6 · lost 2
Gemma 3 4B Itwon 6 · lost 2
Magistral Mediumwon 6 · lost 2
QwQ 32Bwon 6 · lost 2
Gemma 3 12B Itwon 6 · lost 2
Command Awon 6 · lost 2
Mistral Smallwon 6 · lost 2
Gemma 3 27B Itwon 6 · lost 2
Qwen3 30B A3B Instructwon 6 · lost 2
Grok 3won 6 · lost 2
GLM-4.6won 6 · lost 2
Grok 4.1 Fastwon 6 · lost 2
DeepSeek V4 Flashwon 6 · lost 2
Grok 4.3won 6 · lost 2
Mimo V2.6 Flashwon 6 · lost 2
DeepSeek V4 Prowon 6 · lost 2
Mimo V2.6 Prowon 6 · lost 2
Gemini 3.6 Flashwon 6 · lost 2
Dolphin 2.5 Mixtral 8x7bwon 4 · lost 2
GPT-5.6 Astrawon 4 · lost 2
Kimi K2 Thinkingwon 4 · lost 2
GPT OSS Safeguard 20Bwon 4 · lost 2
EAI Llama 3.1 8B Instruct SageAlignwon 4 · lost 2
Granite 4.0 H Tinywon 4 · lost 2
Krutrim 2 Instructwon 4 · lost 2
Llama 3.2 Vision (11B)won 4 · lost 2
Llama 2 70B Chat Hfwon 4 · lost 2
Llama 2 13B Chat Hfwon 4 · lost 2
Fugu Ultra V2won 4 · lost 2
Llama 3 8B Instruct RRwon 4 · lost 2
Nova Premierwon 4 · lost 2
Granite 4.0 H Smallwon 4 · lost 2
Llama 2 7B Chat Hfwon 4 · lost 2
Sarvam 105Bwon 4 · lost 2
Llama 3.2 90B Vision Instruct Turbowon 4 · lost 2
Llama 3 70B Instructwon 6 · lost 3
Gemini 1.5 Flashwon 6 · lost 3
GPT-4o Miniwon 6 · lost 3
GPT-4.1 Nanowon 6 · lost 3
DeepSeek V3won 6 · lost 3
Gemma 2 9B Itwon 5 · lost 3
C4ai Aya Expanse 32Bwon 5 · lost 3
GPT-4won 5 · lost 3
Nova Prowon 5 · lost 3
Qwen2.5 72B Instructwon 5 · lost 3
Mistral Largewon 5 · lost 3
Qwen Maxwon 5 · lost 3
NVIDIA Nemotron 3 Super 120B A12Bwon 5 · lost 3
GLM-4.5won 5 · lost 3
DeepSeek V3.2won 5 · lost 3
Gemma 4 26B A4Bwon 5 · lost 3
MiniMax M3won 5 · lost 3
Kimi K2.5won 5 · lost 3
Gemma 4 31Bwon 5 · lost 3
GPT-5.6 Lunawon 5 · lost 3
GLM-5.3 Flashwon 5 · lost 3
GLM-5.2won 5 · lost 3
Gemini 3.5 Flashwon 5 · lost 3
Qwen3.8 Maxwon 5 · lost 3
Qwen 2.5 Instruct Turbo (72B)won 4 · lost 3
GPT-4.1 Miniwon 5 · lost 4
Claude 3.7 Sonnetwon 5 · lost 4
DeepSeek R1won 5 · lost 4
Gemini 2.5 Prowon 5 · lost 4
Titan Text Express V1won 3 · lost 3
Llama 3 8B Instruct MopeyMulewon 3 · lost 3
Claude Sonnet 4.6won 3 · lost 3
Claude Opus 4.6won 3 · lost 3
Phi 4won 4 · lost 4
Qwen3.5 35B A3Bwon 4 · lost 4
Qwen3.5 27Bwon 4 · lost 4
Qwen3 Vl 235B A22B Instructwon 4 · lost 4
Qwen3.5 122B A10Bwon 4 · lost 4
GPT-6 Lunawon 4 · lost 4
GPT-6 Solwon 4 · lost 4
Kimi K2.6won 4 · lost 4
GLM-5.1won 4 · lost 4
Grok 4.5won 4 · lost 4
Mimo V2.5 Prowon 4 · lost 4
Qwen3.7 Maxwon 4 · lost 4
GPT-5.4won 4 · lost 4
GPT-5.5won 4 · lost 4
GPT-5.6 Solwon 4 · lost 4
Gemini 3.8 Flashwon 4 · lost 4
GPT OSS 20Bwon 4 · lost 5
GPT-4owon 4 · lost 5
GPT OSS 120Bwon 4 · lost 5
Gemini 2.5 Flashwon 4 · lost 5
Qwen3 235B A22B Instructwon 4 · lost 5
Claude Sonnet 4.5won 4 · lost 5
MiniMax M2won 3 · lost 5
Qwen3.5 397B A17Bwon 3 · lost 5
Grok 4.6won 3 · lost 5
GPT-5.6 Terrawon 3 · lost 5
Claude Opus 5won 3 · lost 5
Cogito 671B V2 P1won 2 · lost 4
Meta SecAlign 8Bwon 2 · lost 4
Mistral NeMo Minitron 8B Instructwon 2 · lost 4
Grok 3 Mini Betawon 2 · lost 4
GLM-4.5 Airwon 2 · lost 4
Gemini 2.5 Flash Litewon 2 · lost 4
GPT-4.5won 2 · lost 4
Gemini 3 Prowon 2 · lost 4
Claude 3 Sonnetwon 3 · lost 6
O3 Miniwon 3 · lost 6
O4 Miniwon 3 · lost 6
Claude Haiku 4.5won 3 · lost 6
GPT-4.1won 3 · lost 6
Kimi K2won 3 · lost 6
Gemma 2 27B Itwon 2 · lost 6
GPT-5.2won 2 · lost 6
Claude Opus 4.8won 2 · lost 6
Claude Opus 5.5won 2 · lost 6
GPT-4 Turbowon 2 · lost 7
Claude 3.5 Sonnetwon 2 · lost 7
Claude Sonnet 4won 2 · lost 7
Claude Opus 4won 2 · lost 7
GPT-5.1won 2 · lost 7
Foundation Sec 8B Instructwon 1 · lost 5
Apriel 1.5 15B Thinkerwon 1 · lost 5
Qwen3 Next 80B A3B Thinkingwon 1 · lost 5
Claude 3.5 Haikuwon 1 · lost 7
MiniMax M2.7won 1 · lost 7
Grok 4.7won 1 · lost 7
Inklingwon 1 · lost 7
Hy3won 1 · lost 7
Muse Spark 1.1won 1 · lost 7
Claude Opus 4.7won 1 · lost 7
Claude 3 Opuswon 1 · lost 8
O1 Miniwon 1 · lost 8
GPT-5 Nanowon 1 · lost 8
GPT-5 Miniwon 1 · lost 8
O1won 1 · lost 8
O3won 1 · lost 8
GPT-5won 1 · lost 8
Claude Sonnet 5won 0 · lost 8

§ 3 · Sources

Where the numbers come from

3 publications, 12 figures. Every one links to the page it was read from.

LMArena Text ↗1 measureread 2026-09-26
LMArena Text 1262
HELM Safety ↗5 measuresread 2026-09-26
HELM Safety · HarmBench 76.8%HELM Safety · SimpleSafetyTests 98.5%HELM Safety · Anthropic Red Team 99.1%HELM Safety · BBQ 95.1%HELM Safety · XSTest 96.9%
Enkrypt AI Safety Leaderboard ↗6 measuresread 2026-09-26
Enkrypt · Jailbreak risk 3.2%Enkrypt · Harmful content risk 12.8%Enkrypt · CBRN risk 9.7%Enkrypt · Toxicity risk 0.6%Enkrypt · Bias risk 84.2%Enkrypt · Insecure code risk 20%

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PublicAI Index badge for Qwen2 72B Instruct[![PublicAI Index](https://publicai.io/model-index/badge?model=qwen2-72b-instruct)](https://publicai.io/model-index/m/qwen2-72b-instruct)